寿昌-临浦火山带基底构造特征及其对铀成矿的控制

中国东部中生代陆缘寿昌-临浦火山带叠置于基底和下伏地幔的隆起带上。岩石圈的薄弱、地幔软流层传递的岩浆和热流、基底富铀地层及其深熔产物提供的铀源、北北东向挤压-拉张断裂系统、幔源中基性熔浆析出的CO_2,构成完整的火山洼地铀成矿机制。     

研究矿岩冲击破碎及动态特性的水平冲击实验法

作者通过对任意入射应力脉冲条件下,水平撞杆法中岩样内部应力均匀化可能性所作的理论分析,论证了用水平撞杆法研究矿岩冲击破碎规律及其动态特性的可行性。在此基础上,详细介绍了自行研制的适用于矿岩冲击破碎领域的气动水平冲击实验机。     

东营凹陷纯西辉长岩-变质岩组合油藏成藏机制

目的探讨纯西辉长岩-变质岩油藏的形成演化过程。方法在查明纯西辉长岩活动时间及其高温、高压持续时间的基础上,结合纯西地区的构造发育史、周围洼陷的生烃史及油气分布规律,对其周围烃源岩的岩性、岩相及有机地球化学等进行了分析。结果建立了纯西辉长岩-变质岩组合油藏的成藏模式。结论辉长岩不仅大大促进了周围烃源岩的生烃、排烃过程,而且将其改造成为变质岩储层,并最终形成了特殊的辉长岩-变质岩组合油藏。     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating for volcanic rocks of the Dasi Formation in southeast Hubei Province, middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its implications

The Jinniu Basin in southeast Hubei,located at the westernmost part of middle-lower val-ley of the Yangtze River,is one of the important vol-canic basins in East China. Volcanic rocks in the Jin-niu Basin are distributed mainly in the Majiashan Formation,the Lingxiang Formation and the Dasi Formation,consisting of rhyolite,basalt and basaltic andesite,(trachy)-basalt and basaltic trachy-andesite and (trachy)-andesite and (trachy)-dacite and rhyolite respectively,in which the Dasi volcanism is volumet-rically dominant and widespread. The Dasi volcanic rocks were selected for SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating to confirm the timing of volcanism. The results indi-cate that there exist a large amount of magmatic zir-cons characterized by high U and Th contents in the volcanic rocks. The concordia ages for 13 points are 128 ± 1Ma (MSWD = 3.0). On account of the shape of zircons and Th/U ratios,this age is considered to represent the crystallization time of the Dasi volcan-ism. The volcanic rocks in the Dasi,Majiashan and Lingxiang Formations share similar trace elementand REE partition patterns as well as Sr-Nd isotopic compositions. In combination with the regional geol-ogy,it is proposed that the southeast Hubei volcanic rocks were formed mainly during the Early Creta-ceous,just like other volcanic basins in middle-lower Yangtze valley. A lithospheric extension is also sug-gested for tectonic regime in this region in the Cre-taceous Period.     

西藏措勤地区典中组火山岩地球化学特征及构造背景

措勤盆地位于西藏冈底斯构造-岩浆岩带的西段北侧,该区古新世火山活动十分强烈,形成了一套厚度大于1 000 m的中酸性火山岩地层,火山岩K-Ar和Rb-Sr同位素年龄为63.9～61.0 Ma,区域上可与古近纪林子宗群下部层位相对比,归为古新统典中组.火山岩岩石化学、地球化学特征分析表明,该火山岩系属高钾钙碱性-钙碱性系列,轻稀土富集,负Eu异常明显.与原始地幔相比,微量元素Rb,Ba,K,Th,U富集;Ti,P,Sr,Ta(Nb)亏损.锶、氧同位素组成显示岩浆来源与陆壳物质关系密切,推测是来自于俯冲带的幔源基性岩浆与陆壳重熔酸性岩浆以不同比例混合所形成.综合研究认为,这套火山岩形成于陆缘弧构造环境,与喜马拉雅特提斯洋壳向北俯冲消减作用有关.     

基于Weibull分布的岩石损伤本构模型研究

利用连续损伤理论和统计强度理论,提出了模拟岩石破裂全过程的损伤本构关系,并在此基础上建立了完整的损伤统计本构模型,且在所建立的损伤统计本构模型的四个基本方程中,引入岩石应力应变全过程曲线特征参量,并考虑岩石应力应变全过程曲线的几何条件,解决了传统方法求解本构方程中参数的难点,同时提高了精度.通过与砂岩试件三轴压缩试验实测结果对比,证明模型可以很好地反映岩石的应力-应变关系.图2,参7.     

岩体复合型裂纹的扩展规律Ⅱ.有水作用条件下

基于最大周向正应力理论，研究并给出有水作用的复合型裂纹在不同应力状态及化学损伤作用下扩展的临界应力强度因子和扩展方向角。分析表明，裂纹水压力对不同受力状态复合裂纹的扩展规律的影响是不同的；化学损伤对岩体应力强度因子和裂纹扩展的方向具有很大影响。     

某隧道围岩掉块成因分析

对某隧道为例，应用工程地质学，地质力学的方法对隧道围岩掉块的成因进行了分析，并对围岩的稳定性用赤平投影进行了解析，对围岩的稳定性判断提供了理论和实践依据，指出隧道中的不稳定块体主要为由于不良地质界面和临空面的相互组合形成的不稳定滑塌体。构造体系的型式为岩体的结构组合型式划分提供了依据，据此就可定性的评价岩体的稳定性，除此而外，隧道岩性及其组合，地应力及构造应力的大小和方向也是引起隧道围岩掉块不可忽视的因素。     

Discovery of the granulite xenoliths in Cenozoic volcanic rocks from Hoh Xil,Tibetan plateau

Two-pyroxene granulite and clinopyroxene granulite xenoliths have been recently discovered in the Late Paleogene toNeogene volcanic rocks (with ages in the range of 4.27～44.60 Ma) that outcropped in Hoh Xil, central Tibetan plateau. Based on theelectron microprobe analysis data, the xenoliths provide constraints for the formation equilibrium temperatures of the two-pyroxene gran-ulite being about 783 to 818℃ as determined by two-pyroxene thermometry and the forming pressure of the clinopyroxene granulite beingabout 0.845 to 0.858 GPa that is equivalent to 27.9～28.3 km depth respectively. It indicates that these granulite xenoliths represent thesamples from the middle part of the thickened Tibetan crust. This discovery is important and significant to making further discussion onthe component and thermal regime of the deep crust of the Tibetan plateau.     

Nd isotopic characteristics of Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks and constraints on their provenance in the eastern segment of Central Tianshan Belt, Xinjiang

Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics, εNd(t) values and Nd model ages (TDM) of Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the eastern segment of Central Tianshan Belt (ESCTB), Xinjiang, are used to constrain the sedimentary provenance as well as to evaluate their tectonic implications. εNd(t) and TDM values of these samples range from -4.00 to +6.36 and from 1.29 to 2.29 Ga, respectively. These feature values are distinguished from those of Archean Tarim Craton. Their average εNd(t) values of the Weiya, the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar samples are -2.46, +2.06 and +1.37, respectively. Nd model ages of the Weiya samples vary between 1.86 and 2.29 Ga, but those of the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar samples show a significant concentration at 1.6～1.9 Ga and the youngest Nd model age is 1.29 Ga. Those Nd isotopic characteristics suggest that these metasedimentary rocks could be derived from a significant proportion of Paleoproterozoic crustal source and a participation of young arc materials, rather than Archean Tarim Craton. Furthermore, the data also indicate that these two sources were paleogeographically separated. Thus we can deduce that the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar metasedimentary rocks were formed proximal to the arc side of the back-arc basin, but the Weiya metasedimentary rocks were closer to the continental side of the back-arc basin.